Indian Railways to Deploy AI/ML Inspection System

New Delhi – In a significant leap towards modernizing its infrastructure and enhancing safety, Indian Railways has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) for the installation of Machine Vision Based Inspection Systems (MVIS). This cutting-edge, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)-based technology solution is set to transform how the health of rolling stock is monitored, drastically improving operational efficiency and preventing potential accidents.

The MoU was formally signed at Rail Bhawan in New Delhi on Thursday, July 10, 2025, by Shri Sumit Kumar, Director (Project & Development), Railway Board, and Shri Jawahar Lal, GGM (Mechanical), DFCCIL. The Ministry of Railways has termed this initiative a decisive move toward adopting advanced technologies for automated maintenance and superior service.

How the MVIS System Works

The MVIS system, a first-of-its-kind deployment for Indian Railways, will be installed wayside along select routes. It operates by:

• Capturing High-Resolution Images: As trains move past, the system captures detailed, high-resolution images of the under-gear components (the parts beneath the train).
• AI/ML Analysis: These images are then processed using sophisticated AI and machine learning algorithms. The system is trained to automatically detect anomalies, such as loose, hanging, or missing components, excessive wear and tear, or any other critical defects.
• Real-time Alerts: Upon detecting any potential issues, the MVIS generates instant, real-time alerts to the relevant railway personnel. This enables prompt response, preventive interventions, and swift decision-making, minimizing the risk of service disruptions or accidents.

This technology is expected to significantly reduce the reliance on traditional, manual inspections, which are often time-consuming and prone to human error, especially given the vastness of the Indian railway network.

DFCCIL's Role and Broader Vision

Under the terms of the MoU, DFCCIL will be responsible for the complete lifecycle of the initial four MVIS units: procurement, supply, installation, testing, and commissioning. This collaboration leverages DFCCIL's expertise in specialized railway infrastructure development.

This initiative perfectly aligns with Indian Railways' broader objective of integrating smart and intelligent systems across its entire network. Indian Railways has been actively exploring various AI and ML applications, including diagnostics, scheduling, and overall safety monitoring, as part of its digital transformation strategy to become future-ready.

Impact on Safety and Efficiency

The deployment of MVIS is expected to yield multiple benefits:

• Enhanced Operational Safety: By proactively identifying mechanical faults and potential dangers, the system will significantly reduce the risk of derailments, equipment failures, and other accidents.
• Reduced Manual Effort: Automating a critical part of the inspection process will free up human resources for other complex tasks and ensure consistent, objective checks.
• Improved Service Reliability: Fewer disruptions caused by undetected faults will lead to improved punctuality and better utilization of railway assets.
• Cost Savings: Early detection of issues can prevent major breakdowns, leading to reduced repair costs and prolonged equipment lifespan.

The signing of this MoU between Indian Railways and DFCCIL marks a landmark moment in India's journey towards tech-driven safety and operational excellence in its rail sector. It underscores a strong commitment to intelligent automation, reaffirming Indian Railways' dedication to providing safer, smarter, and more efficient train operations across the country. This digital transformation is poised to open new avenues for rail safety and contribute to building a robust, future-ready rail infrastructure for India.